Under what conditions is the heat absorbed by the condenser water in a refrigeration plant usually greatest?

The scenario in which the heat absorbed by the condenser water in a refrigeration plant is greatest occurs when the evaporator temperatures are high and the condenser temperatures are low. This is due to the principles of thermodynamics that govern refrigeration cycles.

When the evaporator temperature increases, the refrigerant absorbs more heat from the environment, making it more effective in transferring this heat. At the same time, if the condenser operates at a low temperature, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the water in the condenser is larger. This increased temperature differential enhances the heat transfer rate from the refrigerant to the water, leading to a greater quantity of heat being absorbed by the condenser water.

The effectiveness of heat exchange in condensers is strongly influenced by the temperature conditions. In simple terms, higher evaporator temperatures and lower condenser temperatures create an optimal situation for maximizing heat absorption because the refrigerant is able to carry more thermal energy to the condenser for dissipation.

The other options represent conditions where either the temperature differences are not as favorable for heat transfer or the pressure and temperature levels do not optimize the system's performance, leading to less heat absorbed by the condenser water.